Zwaluwenburg

English translation

The text above is the record as published by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, in Dutch. The English below is a machine translation made by TreeAlive, not by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed; it has not been checked by a person. Where the two differ, the original is the record. Report a translation error: privacy@treealive.com

Description

Description of component 2: HISTORIC GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT (indicated on the accompanying map with no. 2).

The HISTORIC GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT dates in origin from shortly after 1728, when the current main building was constructed on the site of castle Wijnbergen by the Van Haersholte family and a formal layout with a clear northeast-southwest axis was created. This axis and the 18th-century structure of avenues are still clearly present in the layout today. In the southern part of the country estate the layout is characterised by the avenue structure that crosses the old production woodland and by the presence of a game bank (presumably 18th-19th century) that extends far beyond the country estate. Around 1847 the, still characteristic and distinctive, layout within the formal structure was laid out in landscape style both on the moated, former castle grounds and to the north and east of the house. Thus the castle island - at the rear of the house and on the forecourt (place name "binnentuin") -, the park meadow and the area to the northeast of the house (place name "buitentuin") were arranged with groups of trees and specimen trees. The north side of the "buitentuin" was provided with virtually circular indentations in which a moated island (place name "grafeiland") came to lie. The area to the northwest of the house (place name "slingerbos"), which contains the pear-shaped pond and a brick weir, and the former "Schoenmakersbos" (now meadow) were also arranged. A small park with height variations was realised to the southeast of the house: also known as "Klein Zwitserland". The final form of the landscape-style layout came about around 1870. In 1919 garden architect D.F. Tersteeg designed the "binnentuin". Garden architect H.A.C. Poortman presumably was involved with the execution. This garden is currently (1997) in a state of disrepair but still retains the original design. The garden was characterised by the symmetry introduced. The raised terrace at the rear of the house, which adjoined a sculpted lawn was surrounded by borders, behind which lay the so-called "wild garden", which was closed off by clipped box hedges. In line with this lay a (now overgrown) sight axis with a specimen tree at its centre. On the south side of the house lay the rose garden with pergolas, now (2004) reduced to a lawn. To the northwest of the house the layout is still arranged as a vegetable garden and orchard. In the layout there are fine wooden gates at various places, dating from circa 1920, which provide access to the meadows. The layout is bounded on the north side by the Broekdijk, on the east side by the Laanzichtsweg and on the south side by the Bovenheigraaf. The boundary runs on the west side along several older avenues up to the Broekdijk.

Valuation

Historic GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT is of general importance:

- as a representative example of a mid-19th-century landscape-style layout embedded in an 18th-century formal avenue structure and to which a geometric garden layout was added in the early 20th century;

- because of its importance for the history of garden and landscape architecture;

- because of the specimen trees and tree groups dating from the time of the layout;

- because of the functional-spatial relationship with the other components of the country estate.