Tuomarinkylän kartano (Domarby gård)

English translation (from the Finnish)

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Description

Tuomarinkylä manor is one of the officer manors that arose in the Helsinki region under the influence of Viapori, and its main building is an example of a Gustavian manor type built according to the model book of Carl Wijnblad.

Tuomarinkylä manor, with its old manor buildings, the outbuildings built in the 20th century, and its park, forms a whole that illustrates the manor system well within the cultural landscape along the Vantaanjoki. An old road comes to Tuomarinkylä manor, or Domarbyhy, from the south from Vanhakaupunki. It has most likely continued across the Vantaanjoki to Tapaninkylä and joined the actual Hämeentie there.

The Gustavian main building of Tuomarinkylä manor was completed in 1790, and the outbuildings date from the same period. The low-bodied brick building is covered by a mansard roof. In accordance with the original plan, the courtyard has, in addition to the main building, four symmetrically placed wing buildings, all originally with mansard roofs. Three of the wing buildings have survived to the present day. The courtyard square is separated from the service yard by a stone fence with gates. The manor includes a kitchen garden ruutupuutarha from the same period, and a park from the early 19th century. The estate manager's log-built residential house and the buildings of the cattle yard north of the manor courtyard date from the end of the 19th century.

On the Tuomarinkylä manor estate are the first world war fortifications of the capital region, base XV, asema 1 and 2. Thanks to the manor's fields, the wide field of fire associated with the asemat is still visible. Asema 1, south of the manor, includes trenches, the only intact covered machine-gun position that has survived, two observation posts and a shelter. The steel beams in the roofs of all of them have survived, although they were usually blown off for their metal value.

History

The village was already known as Tuomarinkylä (Domarby) in the Middle Ages. The earliest mention dates from 1417. Tuomarinkylä manor was formed in the mid-18th century on the site of an old farming village. At that time the manor was owned by Major Magnus Brunow.

The manor culture of the Helsinki region developed as a consequence of the construction work at Viapori. The officer corps acquired manors and other estates, had new buildings constructed on them, and also obtained additional income from the output of the limestone quarries, sawmills, and brick and tile factories it had established, during a period when building activity was lively.

Tuomarinkylä manor was bought by sotakamreeri Johannes Weckström in 1781. The present main building, which he had built, was completed by 1790 at the latest. According to the original plan, the courtyard comprised, in addition to the main building, four symmetrically placed wing buildings. The architecture of the Tuomarinkylä main building followed the example of the pattern book of fortification officer Carl Wijnblad. The pattern books compiled by Wijnblad influenced residential architecture across the whole country in their day. During Weckström's time the manor's ruutupuutarha was also established.

Merchant Jacob Kavaleff bought the manor in 1845. His descendants sold the manor to the City of Helsinki in 1917, but the family lived at the manor until the end of the 1950s. The manor's main building was restored as a museum in 1960-1961 to designs by city architect Taina Laine. In its exterior and colour scheme it was restored to its late 18th-century appearance. The museum was opened to the public in 1962. The City of Helsinki manages and cultivates the manor's land. Riding schools operate in the manor's former stable and cowshed.