Fort, vesting en -onderdelen, Lingesluizen bij Asperen Asperen (West Betuwe 25)

English translation

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Description

Cluster 601.

NEW HOLLAND WATER LINE

Introduction

The SOUTHERN LINGE SLUICE, LOCK and FLOOD GATE / FAN GATE was a crucial component of the inundation system of the river polder area between the Lek and Waal. The sluice lies as the south-western of the two more or less parallel examples in the Linge. The defence system of the New Holland Water Line was primarily based on the controlled flooding of (large) areas of terrain. Controlled inundation required an ingenious system of waterworks, such as sluices, weirs and canals, by means of which the necessary water level could be set and maintained rapidly and within narrow limits. Many different types of sluices were used, depending on the location where they functioned in the system. Sometimes already existing navigation, drainage or flood gates were used, but many new ones were also built or existing ones were (substantially) adapted. The sluices at Asperen all belong to the latter category, but the Southern Linge Sluice is the only one of the four dating from before the establishment of the New Holland Water Line. The sluice owes its origin to the floods of 1809, when a large part of the Alblasserwaard came to be flooded. Not only was the New Southern Linge Dike constructed as a result, but alongside it as a continuation of the dike, the Southern Linge Sluice was also built. It is one of the oldest existing sluices with wooden fan gates - possibly the oldest - although in the meantime these are no longer the authentic doors. The doors were - as evidenced by inscription - (most recently) replaced around 1957. Electric operation of the doors was also made possible. Fan gates are an invention of engineer J. Blanken Jnz. and / or engineer A.F. Goudriaan, which made it possible to move the doors against high water. Over the sluice lies a later, concrete traffic bridge which is of subordinate importance for the defence.

Description

The SOUTHERN LINGE SLUICE, LOCK and FLOOD GATE / FAN GATE, which lies roughly in line with the New Southern Linge Dike at Asperen, is a relatively small sluice constructed of brick and partly in natural stone which can be closed by means of fan gates, pointed gates and shutter beams. The length of the sluice built in 1809 is approximately 25 m and the width approximately 6.50 m. The sluice heads slope outwards into sloping lateral flood walls. The wooden fan gates are located on the downstream side of the sluice, where quarter-round fan gate pockets are recessed in both sluice walls. The likewise wooden pointed gates lie on the upstream side. All sluice gates are usually in the open position. On the sluice heads and the pointed gates are various cast iron winches by means of which the gates (could) be moved and sliders in the gates and in the 'bypass drainage' in the chamber walls can be operated and by means of which shutter beams in the respective grooves can be raised or lowered.

Valuation

The SOUTHERN LINGE SLUICE, LOCK and FLOOD GATE / FAN GATE is of general importance by reason of:

* Cultural-historical values as part of the New Holland Water Line as designed by C.R.T. Kraijenhoff and initially established from 1815 by him, Jan Blanken and Major-Engineer Willem Offerhaus and subsequently strengthened and improved by others for approximately 125 years.

* Architectural-historical values, in particular as an expression of road and water engineering linked to military-strategic objectives, which is based on the system of inundation and access defence (19th century).

This concerns an expression of historical water engineering linked to military-strategic building, namely a fan gate / flood gate serving military inundation, with the secondary function of (civil) lock gate.

* Ensemble value and situational values as part of the New Holland Water Line in general and by reason of the exceptional functional and physical coherence with the other components of this complex and with the annexed complexes Fort at Asperen and Weapons Place at Asperen and which further appears from the necessary interaction of the four sluices in order to establish inundations.

* The component is representative because it emphasises and illustrates the application of sluice works in the functioning of the New Holland Water Line and is thereby exceptional because it is one of the oldest preserved fan gates - and possibly the oldest.

* The component is preserved virtually intact because its principal form, constructional detailing and the various components have remained recognisable and functional.