Fort, vesting en -onderdelen, Lingesluizen bij Asperen Asperen (West Betuwe 25)

English translation

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Description

Cluster 601.

NEW HOLLANDIC WATERLINE

Introduction

WESTERN INUNDATION AND SLUICE GATE / FAN SLUICE and STOP LOG STORAGE under the cover of an earthen gun emplacement laid out around the middle of the 19th century, which also served to defend the river access of the Linge. The defensive system of the New Hollandic Waterline was primarily based on the controlled flooding of (large) areas of land. Controlled inundation required an ingenious system of water works, such as sluices, weirs and canals, by means of which the necessary water level could be set and maintained quickly and within narrow limits. Many different types of sluices were applied, depending on the location where they functioned in the system. Sometimes already existing navigation, outflow or sluice gates were used, but many new ones were also built or existing ones were (significantly) adapted. The latter category includes the inundation sluices at the Gun Emplacement near Asperen. The latter category includes four inundation sluices in and along the Linge at the Fort near Asperen. These comprise two fan sluices in both Linge embankments and two combined lock sluices and inundation sluices, with fan gates and pointed gates. Through this sluice water from the Linge could be let in to flood parts of the river polders between the New South Linge Embankment (laid out in 1809) and the Waal. At least as important, however, was its function as a sluice gate: the sluice was closed under normal circumstances and was then part of the left Linge embankment. The original doors of the inundation sluice in the southern or left Linge embankment were made of wood, but these were later - as evidenced by an inscription in 1924 - replaced by iron examples. These were restored around 2012. Fan sluices were applied multiple times as part of the New Hollandic Waterline. They were introduced around 1800 by A.F. Goudriaan and J. Blanken Jzn. and were equipped with fan-shaped doors that made it possible through an ingenious system to operate them against the current and against high water. This was of course of great importance in the event of (wartime) threat. A later reinforced concrete plate bridge spans the sluice.

Description

The WESTERN INUNDATION AND SLUICE GATE / FAN SLUICE in the southern or left Linge embankment north of the Gun Emplacement near Asperen is a relatively small sluice built in brick and natural stone, with sloping and slightly flaring wing walls on either side. In both ends, stop log grooves are provided, between which covered wooden stop logs can be moved up and down by means of two cast iron winches. Approximately halfway along the chamber, nearly quarter-circular fan cases provided with wooden covering are installed on either side, in which the two fan gates can be housed. The original doors of the inundation sluice in the southern or left Linge embankment were made of wood, but these were later - as evidenced by an inscription in 1924 - replaced by the current iron examples. Besides the fan gates, covered wooden stop logs are placed in the chamber as a safeguard; a second set of stop log grooves dates from 1882-1883. The plate and lattice iron fan gates can be moved by means of two smaller winches. The sluice, which also has a civil function as a water barrier for the Linge, dates from 1815 (provided with a date stone) and is therefore among the oldest still existing sluices of this type. The inundation sluice / fan sluice in the Northern Linge Embankment, north of the Fort near Asperen, is virtually identical to this example. The concrete plate bridge laid later over the inundation sluice, along which wooden railings were constructed in 2012, is excluded from protection.

The STOP LOG STORAGE on the north side of the sluice consists of an open storage facility composed of rail tracks, slightly sloping.

Valuation

The WESTERN INUNDATION AND SLUICE GATE / FAN SLUICE and the STOP LOG STORAGE are of general interest because of:

* Cultural-historical values as part of the New Hollandic Waterline as designed by C.R.T. Kraijenhoff and initially built from 1815 by him, Jan Blanken and major-engineer Willem Offerhaus and subsequently strengthened and improved by others over approximately 125 years.

* Architectural-historical values, in particular as an expression of military-strategic building engineering, which is based on the system of inundation and access defence (19th century).

This concerns an expression of historical water engineering related to military-strategic building, serving as water inlet and water barrier, namely an inundation and fan sluice and a stop log storage.

* Ensemble value and situational values as part of the New Hollandic Waterline and because of the functional and physical coherence with the other components of the complex.

* The component is relatively rare (become) and representative because it is a complete - albeit no longer entirely of authentic material - example of a fan sluice built for defensive purposes, early 19th century.

* The component is fairly well preserved because (virtually) all 19th and early 20th century components of the sluice have remained recognizable in their coherence.