Fort, vesting en -onderdelen, Werk aan de Korte Uitweg

English translation

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Description

Cluster 59. Fort layout with earthworks, containing remains of gun emplacements, wet ditch with outer banks, with (diversion and maintenance) roads and with military boundary marked by boundary posts.

NEW HOLLANDIC WATERLINE

Introduction

FORT LAYOUT WITH EARTHWORKS, CONTAINING REMAINS OF GUN EMPLACEMENTS, WET DITCH WITH OUTER BANKS, WITH (DIVERSION AND MAINTENANCE) ROADS AND WITH MILITARY BOUNDARY MARKED BY BOUNDARY POSTS as a small fort with various characteristic components in its layout. Forts and similar works were usually constructed on the basis of pre-formed earth bodies, which served as a foundation and were intended to prevent subsidence in (a wet and soft) soil. In the construction of the works, apart from this usually tactically 'pre-formed' earth body—which in itself already fulfilled or could fulfil a defensive role—specific layout has also been realised which was intended to increase defensive strength, ensure the safety of the garrison and facilitate internal and external transport and traffic. Thus there arose, among other things, earth coverings for various structures, to make them less vulnerable to enemy fire impacts, earth ramparts which covered the buildings and open areas and determined the contours, covered accesses, paved paths and parade grounds. The earthworks were laid out in greatly differing ground plans, often with one or more bastions, which could also differ in form. Around the earth body came—if possible—a wet ditch, while the works were usually surrounded by a military boundary, which was indicated with boundary posts. Over the ditch usually lay a (moveable) bridge—various types exist—but sometimes there was a fixed bank connection, for example in the form of a dam, which could form part of the road system. Along the outside of the ditches often lay a road or path, which could be laid out both in the form of a covered way, as well as level with or even above ground level. These roads or paths could have different functions, ranging from public road to maintenance path, and also from military covered way to exclusive access route to the fort.

Description

FORT LAYOUT WITH EARTHWORKS, CONTAINING REMAINS OF GUN EMPLACEMENTS, WET DITCH WITH OUTER BANKS, WITH (DIVERSION AND MAINTENANCE) ROADS AND WITH MILITARY BOUNDARY MARKED BY BOUNDARY POSTS of the Werk aan de Korte Uitweg. The Werk aan de Korte Uitweg currently consists mainly of a roughly rectangular trapezoidal earthwork with different levels, of which the outer slope has rounded forms. The earthwork encompasses (remains of) emplacements and a gun shed. On and around the fort lie a wet ditch or moat and in part public (maintenance) roads. Earthworks in the form of an earth rampart enclose the fort terrain or parade ground almost entirely. Both bombproof structures have an earth covering. The main form of the work and the simple internal road structure, which is still partly executed in clinker bricks, still reflect the most important historical-spatial characteristics and structures. The boundary of the layout coincides in principle with that of the (formerly) boundary-post-marked area. The zone originally marked with boundary posts as such, over which the War Ministry had authority, is indicated on the accompanying map.

Valuation

The FORT LAYOUT WITH EARTHWORKS, CONTAINING REMAINS OF GUN EMPLACEMENTS, WET DITCH WITH OUTER BANKS, WITH (DIVERSION AND MAINTENANCE) ROADS AND WITH MILITARY BOUNDARY MARKED BY BOUNDARY POSTS of the Werk aan de Korte Uitweg is of general importance by virtue of:

* Cultural-historical values as part of the New Hollandic Waterline as designed by C.R.T. Kraijenhoff and initially realised from 1815 by him, Jan Blanken and major-engineer Willem Offerhaus and subsequently by others for approximately 125 years strengthened and improved.

* Architectural-historical values, in particular as an expression of military-strategic construction, which is based on: a. the system of inundation and access defence (19th century), b. the race with increasingly strengthening offensive means (19th century).

This concerns a component from the period 1871-1879. The component is an example of an earth layout with ditch, banks, roads and military zone.

* Ensemble value and situational values as part of the New Hollandic Waterline and by virtue of the functional and physical coherence with the other components of the complex.

* The component is representative (characteristic) because it is a good example of a fort strengthened and surrounded with earth and water works.

* The component is well preserved because it has been in a state largely unchanged and easily recognisable since approximately 1900.