't Joppe

English translation

The text above is the record as published by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, in Dutch. The English below is a machine translation made by TreeAlive, not by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed; it has not been checked by a person. Where the two differ, the original is the record. Report a translation error: privacy@treealive.com

Description

(Joppelaan at 110) HISTORIC GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT. The oldest historic sources for the development of 't Joppe date back to 1565, when Lubbert van Cuenre undertook the reclamation of the 't Joppe site. Whether any traces from this period remain in the layout of 't Joppe is not known. In 1699, when 't Joppe was owned by Lieutenant Willem van Sughtelen, the layout of the country estate was enlarged. In that year a ring ditch was excavated around it, which for the most part still exists today and which through straight lines, angles and curves forms an irregular figure. This ring ditch covers cadastral plots Gorssel numbers B2279, B2278, B1444, B1450, B314 and B1446, with the exception of the landscape-style winding pond, for which part of the last-mentioned plot was excavated in the nineteenth century. An overview of the formal layout of 't Joppe in the eighteenth century is provided by the Hottinger map from circa 1785. On it can be seen the layout of the rectangular ditch around the house and the courtyard behind it (place name: Het Bloemstuk) and the adjoining vegetable garden and orchard enclosed on three sides (in which some standard fruit trees). The structure of this probably eighteenth-century layout still exists, although the course of the 3-armed ditch became irregular around 1800; of the tree row along three sides of the orchard and vegetable garden, the lane on the NE side (now oak in single rows, twentieth-century) has been preserved. The orchard and vegetable garden is bounded on two sides by an eighteenth-century brick wall; in the extension of the wall on the NE side there is a yew hedge from the first half of this century, which screens the vegetable garden and orchard from the adjoining tree row. Also marked on the map is the sight line along the axis of the house in a southwestern direction, which is projected onto the pavilion located here, as is the lane from said pavilion in a northern direction, which emerges on the SW side of the preserved tree row along the vegetable garden and orchard; whether the present pavilion already existed circa 1785 is uncertain. On the Hottinger map furthermore the still existing round basin to the northwest of the house can be seen. The eighteenth-century basin is situated just to the northwest of the originally nineteenth-century farmhouse. This farmhouse was substantially rebuilt in 1954, and partly demolished except for the ground-floor section at the front, and with the development of its surrounding farmyard (cadastral plot Gorssel no. B1453) is of minor significance for the country estate. The first landscape-style layout is shown on a tax map of 't Joppe from 1807. On it can be seen the irregular course of the 3-armed ditch and the winding woodland on the SW side of it. The winding path layout of this woodland (now including oak and beech, nineteenth and twentieth-century), as well as the sloping profile of the ground surface has been completely preserved; also on the ditched garden part a sloping ground profile is still partially discernible, which, like the winding path on the southwest side of it, probably dates from the first phase of the landscape style at 't Joppe. The small oval pond on the west side of the ditch along the approach road to the house was probably also laid out at this time. Shortly after 't Joppe came into the possession of Antoni Brands through purchase in 1828, the landscape-style layout was considerably expanded. In contrast to the first landscape-style layout, which formed more or less self-contained elements in the already existing layout, this new layout was much larger in structure and agricultural plots, which had been reclaimed from 't Joppe in the eighteenth century, were incorporated into the layout. Brands had a large part of the approach road located on the axis of the house, which had been laid out in the eighteenth century and presumably extended to the Joppelaan around 1800 (now oak and beech, partly in double rows, nineteenth and twentieth-century) felled. In front of the house a spacious landscape-style meadow was laid out. The straight approach road branches in two directions on the NW side of this meadow. The northern branch leads via spacious curves past the round basin and the former nineteenth-century farmhouse to the forecourt. The southern branch runs in a spacious curve to the forecourt and offers on the right side a view of the church tower of 't Joppe, of a nearby farmhouse (cadastral plot Gorssel no. B1855), of the meadow behind it with a farmhouse located in a corner of Eikeboom Lane and Joppelaan (cadastral plot Gorssel no. B1434), of a landscape-style pond and of the meadow south of the winding woodland adjoining the ditch. As far as their architecture is concerned, both farmhouses are of minor significance for the layout. Apart from the meadow south of the winding woodland, these views can still largely be observed from the house today. Solitary trees and tree groups enhance the perspective effect and the picturesque character of these views. Nowadays these views are partly overgrown with undergrowth. For example, undergrowth along the path from the approach road to the farmhouse located at the winding pond (cadastral plot Gorssel number B1855) largely masks the view from the house and approach road of a coulisse of nineteenth-century oak planted in groups at the said farmhouse and of the meadow behind it. A drawing of the meadow in front of the house from the 1830s makes clear that here and probably elsewhere in the park layout originally more solitary trees and tree groups enlivened the views than is currently the case. Notable are the eighteenth or nineteenth-century solitary linden in front of the house, a nineteenth-century solitary oak on the meadow to the northeast of the approach road and an eighteenth or nineteenth-century brown and red beech and oak on the SW and a nineteenth-century brown beech on the NE side of the ditched garden part (place name: Het Bloemstuk). On the NE side of the coach house adjoining stable there is a group of eighteenth or nineteenth-century oak and beech. Besides these views from the house and from the approach road, footpaths and lanes with straight and winding courses lead through and around the historic layout of 't Joppe. Against the NE boundary of the layout a nineteenth-century winding path leads through a wooded park section (now mixed deciduous and coniferous wood, twentieth-century) to cross it to the east of the house and continues its winding course through an equally wooded park section (now mixed deciduous and coniferous wood, twentieth-century) along the inside of the ring ditch in the direction of the pavilion. Just before the pavilion this walk offers in an easterly direction a view of a meadow with woodland strips and tree rows (now oak and beech, nineteenth and twentieth-century) bordered in landscape style. From the pavilion a short nineteenth-century winding lane (now oak in single rows, nineteenth-century) and a straight lane (now poplars) lead in a southern direction and offer the walker to the north a view of the meadow south of the winding woodland adjoining the ditch. The path ends at Eikeboom Lane (now partly double and partly single planted with nineteenth-century oak and beech) - on this side the boundary of the historic layout - which adjoins Joppelaan on the north side (now partly single and partly double beech and mixed deciduous wood, nineteenth and twentieth-century). On the NE side Joppelaan runs in a southeastern direction to meet Dorther Dijk (now oak and beech in single rows, nineteenth and twentieth-century), which on this side forms the boundary of the historic layout. In 1863 't Joppe was auctioned. The new owner Frans Ernest Alexander baron van Hovell tot Westerflier en Weezeveld extended the approach road in the 1880s to its present endpoint at the ring ditch and around 1900 had the present beech pergola laid out on the NE side of the ditched garden part. This pergola curves at the end in a curve in a SW direction. Here, along the inside of the curve, the ground was raised and a flower parterre was laid out on this elevated section. Of this layout the raised ground section has been preserved. Furthermore dating from this period are the semicircular yew hedge on the NE side of the left pavilion of the house, the adjoining yew hedge in the form of three small hills - probably a reference to the coat of arms of Van Hovell tot Westerflier - the yew hedge behind the central pavilion of the house, which dates from the first decades of this century, and the swamp cypress, liriodendron and yew on the southwest side of the ditched garden part.