Landhuis, Majoor van Swietenlaan 28

English translation

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Description

HOUSE "Westerbeek" rendered house with raised ground floor c. 1780, in an attractive park. Monument 1. Colony buildings of the Maatschappij van Weldadigheid. In the register of protected monuments for the municipality of Vledder, a number of buildings have been included which are characteristic of and form part of the social history of the Maatschappij van Weldadigheid. In Frederiksoord these are: -the main building Majoor van Swietenlaan 28 -two former horticultural schools Majoor van Swietenlaan 17 and Koningin Wilhelminalaan 91 -the former lodging house Majoor van Swietenlaan 20 -the former workshop Koningin Wilhelminalaan 87 -eleven colony dwellings Majoor van Swietenlaan 5, 7 and 9; Koningin Wilhelminalaan 57, 59, 67, 77, 85, 56 and 88; Van Namen van Eemneslaan 2 In Wilhelminaoord these are: -a small church Koningin Wilhelminalaan 53 -the former factory Koningin Wilhelminalaan 20-22 -the former "Rustoord II" Koningin Wilhelminalaan 24 -the elderly housing complex Rustoord I Koningin Wilhelminalaan 30-36 -the former small school Oranjelaan 6-8 -three colony dwellings Koningin Wilhelminalaan 49 and Van Namen van Eemneslaan 6 and 10 -a colony building Koningin Wilhelminalaan 51 -a farmhouse Van Namen van Eemneslaan 2 In Boschoord these are: -two colony dwellings Jongkindt conincklaan 5 and 8 -a schoolmaster's house Schoollaan 1 -a small school Schoollaan opp. 1 Explanatory description of the origin and character of the colony and the nature of the Colony buildings. The Maatschappij van Weldadigheid was founded in 1818, at the initiative of Johannes van den Bosch, as an institution for combating the great poverty that prevailed in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 19th century. According to Van den Bosch, poverty and unemployment could best be fought by putting the poor to work and not by giving charitable gifts. This employment could take place in newly established agricultural colonies, where the poor could be housed, their children could receive a good education and thereby be assured of a better future and, moreover, wasteland would be brought into cultivation. For the establishment of such an agricultural colony, lands around Vledder were chosen as a test area and purchased. At Frederiksoord, the foundation stone for the first colonist dwelling of a test colony for 50 families was laid on 25 August 1918. In 1820 the colonies of Willemsoord and Wilhelminaoord followed, and in 1821 colony VII, later called Boschoord. Until 1859, the Maatschappij van Weldadigheid owned the colonies of Ommerschans (1820) and Veenhuizen (1823-1824). The colonies had the character of typical reclamation settlements with scattered residential communities. The Maatschappij developed from being primarily an agricultural enterprise, in the second half of the 19th century into an agricultural, horticultural and forestry colony. Some objects from this period are also included in the protection. With regard to, in particular, the now protected colony dwellings, which all date in their design from the first half of the 19th century, it can be noted that scarcely any object has been able to preserve its original form. Since it was soon established that these "model dwellings" did not entirely meet, among other things, the requirements of the health care of the time, they were rebuilt and adapted relatively early in the history of the Maatschappij to the demands of the inhabitants: "more light, more air". The importance of the protected objects therefore does not lie in the first place in their architectural qualities, but in the fact that they, in the midst of the (sometimes somewhat faded) recognizable characteristic structure of these settlements, keep alive the memory of this unique 19th-century social welfare provision for the Netherlands. The Main Building. "Huis Westerbeek". A simple country house belonging to the former estate Westerbeeksloot, from which in 1818 and subsequent years the colony Maatschappij van Weldadigheid was founded. Arising around 1780 from rendered brickwork, a single-storey house with raised ground floor and covered by a hipped roof tiled with tiles with corner chimneys with panels; tarred plinth. The facades regularly arranged with four-pane windows at the level of the basement and six-pane windows with shutters on the raised ground floor; in the front facade a central simple entrance section with a steep rising natural stone staircase with cast-iron balustrade in front of it; above this a roof dormer with two six-pane windows with fluted arches between flat wooden pilasters; sculpted wind vanes.