Fort, vesting en -onderdelen, Betonnen werken bij het werk aan de Bakkerskil Nieuwendijk (Altena 30)

English translation

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Description

Cluster 84.

NEW HOLLANDIC WATER LINE

Introduction

INUNDATION LOCK / FAN LOCK (Papsluis), as one of the waterworks dating from the earliest period of construction of the New Hollandic Water Line. The defence system of the New Hollandic Water Line was primarily based on the controlled flooding of (large) land areas. Controlled inundation required an ingenious system of waterworks, such as locks, weirs and canals, by means of which the necessary water level could be rapidly set and maintained within narrow limits. Many different types of locks were employed, depending on the location where they functioned in the system. Sometimes already existing navigation, drainage or tide locks were used, but many new ones were also built or existing ones (substantially) adapted. The inundation lock in the Oost Schenkeldijk to the south of the Work at the Bakkerskil belongs to the latter category. This is a so-called fan lock. Through this lock, water from the Merwede could be admitted via the Bakkerskil into the difficult-to-flood Land of Altena, including the Uppelsche Polder. No less important was its function as a tide lock: under normal circumstances the lock was closed and was then part of the Oost Schenkeldijk, which in turn formed the western boundary of the so-called Werkensche Boezem. Fan locks were employed several times as part of the New Hollandic Water Line. They were introduced around 1800 by A.F. Goudriaan and J. Blanken Jzn. and were fitted with fan-shaped doors which an ingenious system made it possible to operate against the current and against high water. This was of course of great importance in case of (wartime) threat.

The mortared lock chamber and the fan doors of the lock in the Oost Schenkeldijk to the south of the Work at the Bakkerskil were restored in 2006-2007. The wooden doors were replaced by new wooden examples. In addition to the fan doors, wooden sluice gates could and can be placed in the chamber as a precaution. A new sluice gate shed has also been installed for this purpose. The lock, crossed by a simple, modern fixed bridge, lay 'dry' for a number of years until the restoration, but has since been incorporated into a 'green and blue network'. Above both fan doors which turn in the main heads, metal walkways have been provided for protection and safety.

Description

INUNDATION LOCK / FAN LOCK (Papsluis)

The inundation lock / tide lock in the Oost Schenkeldijk to the south of the Work at the Bakkerskil, known as the Papsluis, is a relatively small fan-door lock executed in brick and natural stone with sloping and slightly flared wing walls on either side. The length of the lock chamber, including the gently sloping and slightly flared wing walls, is approximately 30 metres; the width is approximately 7 m. Approximately halfway along the chamber, almost quarter-circle shaped, so-called fan recesses have been provided, in which both fan doors are housed. The renewed, wooden fan doors can be moved by means of winches. In the lock walls, to the west of the fan doors, sluice gate slots are cut out, between which wooden sluice gates can be moved up and down by means of winches. The lock, which in addition to a military function also had a civil function as a water barrier for the Bakkerskil, dates from 1815 (as shown by an inscription applied later (?)) and thereby ranks among the oldest still existing locks of this type and thus also represents rarity value.

Valuation

The INUNDATION LOCK / FAN LOCK (Papsluis), component of the complex Waterworks at the Work at the Bakkerskil is of general importance by virtue of:

* Cultural historical values as part of the New Hollandic Water Line as designed by C.R.T. Kraijenhoff and initially realised from 1815 by him, Jan Blanken and major-engineer Willem Offerhaus and subsequently strengthened and improved by others over approximately 125 years.

* Architectural historical values, in particular as an expression of a type of construction related to military-strategic engineering, which is based on the system of inundation and access defence (19th century). This concerns an expression of historical water engineering related to military-strategic construction, namely an inundation lock / tide lock from 1815.

* Ensemble value and situational values as part of the New Hollandic Water Line. Also by virtue of the functional and physical coherence with the other components of the complex.

* The component is fairly well preserved because principal form and various components have remained recognisable, while missing or defective components have been supplemented in faithful replica form or sober execution.

* The component is representative (characteristic) because it clearly and recognisably demonstrates the former function and operation of this fairly rare lock type.