Historische aanleg, Rijksstraatweg bij 557

English translation

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Description

Introduction

The historical PARK LAYOUT in Landscape style of Eikenhorst, together with Ter Horst (municipality Voorschoten) and Raaphorst forms part of the Horsten, an extensive estate that acquired its current extent around the middle of the 19th century. Prince Frederik of the Netherlands (1797-1881), the second son of King Willem I, successively acquired the country houses De Paauw (1938), Raaphorst (1838), Ter Horst (1838), Eikenhorst (1845), Backershagen (1846) and Groot Haesebroek (1854). At the Prince's commission, the German garden architect C.E.A. Petzold (1815-1891) worked between 1854 and 1858 on the unification of the various estates, whereby characteristic of the large-scale layout in Landscape style is the 'Umfahrungsweg'. This leads past the various attractions and houses in the different parks. The Umfahrungsweg partly still retains the original paving with clinkers and IJssel stones. Recognizable elements of the formal 17th-century layout are the broad drive from the Rijksstraatweg (dated 1665, Mr. Roodenburg) and the drive running perpendicular to it towards the Horst- and Voordelaan, as well as part of the water structure, including the remnant of the moat of the original country house.

Description

The landscape park forms one whole with the adjoining park of Raaphorst, whereby the wooded part concentrates mainly to the beach ridge section along the Rijksstraatweg on the northwest side. The southeastern area consists mainly of open meadows. The existing connecting lanes between the beach ridges of Wassenaar and Voorschoten (such as the Horstlaan) are mainly flanked by useful timber. Of these, the Horstlaan is included in the Umfahrungsweg, partly paved with rubble and IJssel stones. This Umfahrungsweg, leading past the various country houses of the Horsten, runs from the Horstlaan with a bend past the former model farm 'Eikenhorst' (now Rebuilding farm) where some solitary trees stand and from where one has a panoramic view over the meadows, towards Ter Horst. Originally one also had a view from the drive of Eikenhorst onto the Rijksstraatweg, but this has been obscured by the current property boundary of the modern country house. The road also connects to the branch of the Umfahrungsweg coming from Raaphorst. The western part of the Umfahrungsweg runs through a shaded forest, characterized by various groups of coniferous trees and pronounced relief with various artificial dune ridges and an artificial dune pan. In addition, various unmetalled path patterns are still recognizable in the forest. On the southwest side, north of the lodge (Raaphorstlaan 5) a rectangular meadow is still recognizable with an artificial elevation and remnants of navigable channels. The Umfahrungsweg ends at the service house of Rijksstraatweg 591, where there was a crossing to Backershagen. At this service house Rijksstraatweg 591 stands a 19th-century wooden barn with scale parts. The somewhat obliquely oriented drive of the original country house is a monumental, relatively broad drive flanked by old beech trees. The drive running in a northeast direction from the Raaphorstlaan is also flanked by deciduous trees (oaks). In the northeastern part of the country house and near Raaphorstlaan 5, the rectilinear subdivision structure of navigable channels and moat is still recognizable. The plantation of the forest consists, apart from coniferous trees, mainly of beech and oak trees. Furthermore various yews and other native varieties of deciduous trees and shrubs are found.

Valuation

The historical park layout of Eikenhorst is of general importance because of its cultural and garden-historical value as an important example of an originally older park and garden layout, which was integrated in the nineteenth century into the extensive estate of Prince Frederik.

The historical park and garden layout of Eikenhorst is furthermore of general importance because of its garden-historical value as part of an extensive park in Landscape style according to the design of C.E.A. Petzold, which forms part of the estate De Horsten. Of this, the park layout in landscape style has been well preserved in its main lines with the characteristic elements of the garden architect C.E.A. Petzold's oeuvre. Characteristic of this is the spatial composition with strong perspective effect (in the composition of the components, the special use of colour in the lobed plantations, the circular walks, water features and the strong visual relationship between the park layout and the main house.) Because Petzold integrated the older structures into his park layout, old formal 17th- and 18th-century elements have remained recognizable.

The historical park Eikenhorst, as part of the extensive estate De Horsten, which in turn forms one whole with among others De Paauw, Backershagen and Groot Haesebroek, holds an important place within the oeuvre of C.E.A. Petzold, who here succeeded in creating one total concept in Landscape style with among others an 'Umfahrungsweg'. In this respect there is also a question of rarity value.

The main landscape structure has remained fairly intact and recognizable in its main form, with regard to the water features, open spaces and planting.

The park is of urban planning and landscape importance as part of De Horsten, which in turn forms part of the estates zone on both sides of the Rijksstraatweg, which continues to the Veurseweg.