Fort, vesting en -onderdelen, Vossegatsedijk 3

English translation

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Description

Cluster 40.

Introduction

GUARDHOUSE 2, FORMERLY GATEHOUSE WITH POTERNE that formed a fortified access to the south side of the Fort at Rijnauwen and that functioned separately from the access to the redoubt. The Fort at Rijnauwen is equipped with two separate guardhouses located respectively to the north and south of the redoubt, on the west side of the fort. Guardhouses are usually stone, and sometimes fortified and thus defensible structures that served as an entrance to a fortress or fort or were located at the entrance thereto. Gatehouses can also be considered as typological continuations or variants of city gates and outer baileys. Pouternes are covered and/or bomb-proof passages, for example through the main rampart, that provide access to a fort or fortress or that connect components.

Description

GUARDHOUSE 2, which originated circa 1870 through the modification of an earlier GATEHOUSE WITH POTERNE. The guardhouses/gatehouses nos. 1 and 2 (in relief in the facades) lie as counterparts to each other in the western main rampart as entrances. Both have facades executed in brick and coupled lisenes along the top, as well as decoration in yellow stone. The guardhouses form fortified entrances to two curved pouternes that lead to the terreplein. The arched entrances were provided with double wooden doors, but these were later removed and modified.

Valuation

GUARDHOUSE 2, FORMERLY GATEHOUSE WITH POTERNE is of general importance because of:

* Cultural-historical values as part of the New Dutch Water Line, as designed by C.R.T. Kraijenhoff and initially from 1815 realised by him, Jan Blanken and major-engineer Willem Offerhaus and subsequently reinforced and improved by others over approximately 125 years.

* Military-historical values as part of a continuous military defence line between the former Zuiderzee and the Biesbosch. This consisted mainly of a coherent system of inundation fields and associated inundation facilities and firing fields. This system was supplemented with diverse types of built or constructed (defence) works dating from different periods that served or contributed to closing off non-inundatable terrain or other accesses.

* Architectural-historical values, in particular as an expression of military-strategic architecture, which was based - on the system of inundation and access defence (19th century), - and on the race with increasingly strengthening offensive means (19th century).

This is an example of a gatehouse with poterne from circa 1870 converted into a guardhouse.

* Ensemble value and situational values, as part of the New Dutch Water Line. Also because of the functional and physical coherence with the other components of the complex and in particular as counterpart to guardhouse 1.

* The building is representative (characteristic) because it still shows the physical characteristics that at the time gave rise to construction and it is relatively rare because not many such guardhouses were built on forts.

* The building is reasonably well preserved because as regards structure and physical appearance the main aspects of the condition in the 1880s are preserved.