Historische aanleg, Horstlaan bij 12

English translation

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Description

Introduction

The HISTORICAL GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT in Formal and Landscape style, belonging to the country estate Ter Horst, together with Raaphorst and Eikenhorst forms part of the Horsten, a large landed estate that acquired its current extent around the middle of the nineteenth century. After Prince Frederik acquired Ter Horst, Raaphorst and De Paauw in 1838, this was followed by the country estates Eikenhorst (1845), Backershagen (1846) and finally Groot Haesebroek (1854). At the commission of Prince Frederik, the German garden architect C.E.A. Petzold (1815-1891) worked between 1854 and 1858 on the unification of the various landed estates, with the characteristic feature of the large-scale Landscape style layout being the 'Umfahrungsweg' along the various attractions and houses in the different parks. The park is visually connected to Raaphorst by means of the wood of Stalpershout. The walking path of the 'Umfahrungsweg' runs via Stalpershout, along the northwestern star wood, through the middle of the northeastern star wood, to then proceed around the hunting lodge via the Horstlaan towards Eikenhorst. In the reorganisation of the park, Petzold made use of various formal garden elements still present, such as the water feature behind the hunting lodge and the main axis of the northeastern star wood. The latter was incorporated into the walking route and flanked by box hedges. The landscape elements are located particularly within the original castle moat, around the house. The total area of the park covers approximately the seventeenth-/eighteenth-century park in Formal style, of which the main structure with moat, avenues and star woods is still clearly recognisable. Analysis of this is possible by means of maps and descriptions (among others Royal Household Archive). These make mention, among other things, of the Front Avenue, which was marked on the side of the Veurseweg (Heereweg) by still existing gate piers, and led to the drawbridge in front of the house. From the drawbridge behind the house the Back Avenue ran through to the dune. In front of the house there was a formal garden layout. The oldest star wood (Oude Bosch) already appears on a map from 1610. The name "De Kuffelaar" would possibly refer to the wood located to the northeast of it with a goose-foot pattern and date from approximately 1752-1766.

Description

The original drive lined with deciduous trees (coppice wood) (Front Avenue, now: Horstlaan) runs from the Veurseweg to the bridge in front of the house. Since approximately 1840 this is intersected by the railway line (Note in 1997 the view from the house along the drive, at the level of the railway line, was obscured by planting conifers.) At the southwest corner of the moat the Back Avenue begins, which ends at a service dwelling on Eikenhorst along the Rijksstraatweg. The park consists in broad outline of two rectangles with a section to the east of the railway line bounded by ditches. The park borders to the southwest the lands of Duivenvoorde with the Horst and Voordelaan, is bounded to the northwest by the Schenkwetering, to the northeast by a section of the 'Umfahrungsweg' and to the east by a ditch near the railway line. The large rectangular northwestern section is formed by the remnants of a seventeenth-century star wood with a round water feature centrally located within a circular walking path. Part of the diagonally running path pattern is preserved. In addition there was also a crossing running path pattern. The wooded sections to the northeast and southwest of the star wood consist mainly of coppice and coppice wood, each with a rectangular walking path, furnished with some simple (not worthy of protection) bridges. These two wooded sections are, like the star wood, crossed by plot ditches laid out for water management reasons.

On the southeast side there is an elongated rectangular moated area consisting of three parts, in which the layout of a seventeenth-/eighteenth-century formal arrangement can be recognised. The central element is the moated section of the original castle, which adjoins to the northwest the large rectangular moat. In the central axis of the Horstlaan lies the current hunting lodge with its front facade facing the Veurseweg. It is accessible via a simple bridge on the southeast side. To the northwest of the hunting lodge the garden layout in Landscape style concentrates. Nearby lies a lawn with on the northwest side a small round water feature and a curved path pattern, interspersed with various deciduous trees, yews and rhododendrons. On either side of the front courtyard stand monumental solitary red beeches. In front of the house runs a transverse axis in a northeast-southwest direction, which also connects the adjacent gardens. The northeastern, presumably eighteenth-century moated garden section is divided in two by the central axis incorporated into the Umfahrungsweg, which still partly has its original box planting. Of the original star wood with composite path pattern (including goose-foot), there remain among others two elongated water features (grand canals) on either side of a star pattern, as well as part of the avenue planting. In the garden located on the southeast side, within the presumably seventeenth-century remnants of a formal garden, a nursery was laid out in the eighteenth century. A round water feature in the central axis recalls the old formal garden layout. In the extension of the garden wall stands the coach house on the south side.

Valuation

The historical park and garden layout of Ter Horst is of general importance for its cultural and garden-historical value as a very important component of a large park in Landscape style designed by C.E.A. Petzold, which forms part of the country estate The Horsten. The park layout in Landscape style has been well preserved in broad outline with the characteristics typical of the oeuvre of garden architect C.E.A. Petzold. Typical of this are the spatial composition with the strong perspective effect in the composition of the components, the distinctive colour use of the lobed arrangement of planting, the circular walks, water features and the strong visual relationship between the park layout and the castle. Because Petzold integrated the older structure into his park layout, the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Formal and Early Landscape arrangement with avenue structures and water features is also still recognisable in broad outline.

As such, the historical park and garden layout of Ter Horst is of general importance for its cultural and garden-historical value as an example of a country estate with a rich history extending back to the Middle Ages.

The historical park Ter Horst, as part of the large country estate The Horsten, occupies an important place in the oeuvre of C.E.A. Petzold, who here created a total concept in Landscape style with among others an 'Umfahrungsweg'. In this respect there is also a question of rarity value.

The landscape main structure is relatively intact in general form, as regards the water features, open spaces and planting, as well as in relation with the built objects.

The park is of landscape and urban planning importance as part of The Horsten, which in turn form part of an extensive landed estates zone around The Hague and extend on either side of the Rijksstraatweg to the Veurseweg.