Historische aanleg, Rijksstraatweg 211

English translation

The text above is the record as published by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, in Dutch. The English below is a machine translation made by TreeAlive, not by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed; it has not been checked by a person. Where the two differ, the original is the record. Report a translation error: privacy@treealive.com

Description

Description component 2:

HISTORICAL GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT at the complex historical country estate Loenersloot. The current historical park and garden layout in landscape style dates originally from the end of the 18th century and is situated within an older, modest formal 17th-century layout. Around the moated castle island of Loenersloot, no significant garden or park layout was present until the end of the 18th century; there was probably a garden with clipped hedges and a wind hedge. This can be deduced among other things from an inventory of 1633, drawn up after the death of Jacob van Amstel van Mijnden, in which among other things the following items appear: 'Equipment in the garden in the small house, Two hedge shears, three garden sheds, two (?) rakes, A hand saw with a grooving saw, A cutting knife and a nipping tool, A file and two cleft files, A hoe'. The cruck-frame farmhouse built in the 17th century and the bridge keeper's dwelling with drawbridge still form a characteristic part of the historical layout. The first map on which a layout can be recognised is the map by Ketelaar from 1770-1781. On this the moated house is visible and several outbuildings are also shown. At the castle a park or garden is shown, while to the north-west of the house is a kitchen garden or orchard. Nowadays on the north-west side of the site, where some standard fruit trees now stand and which is bordered by a watercourse, a semi-circular projection from this period can still be found. This is now planted with alders. When Van Hoorn began the conversion of the house in 1766, the moat around the forecourt was filled in and the medieval gate building, the walls and the brewery-bakery on the forecourt were demolished. The large outbuilding that closed off the forecourt on the west side was also demolished. Around 1770 the coach house was built in this place. The situation created at this time still exists today. Also during the conversion of the castle in 1772-1777 the layout was probably altered somewhat; in 1774 Strick van Linschoten received an invoice for a large number of trees and fruit trees, sent by J. van de Spert or Speet and Pieter Hooftman. The invoice was for large quantities of Elst (probably coppice wood), 70 beech trees, 50 linden trees and various types of fruit trees: pears, apples and wild cherries. Around 1777 Pieter Hooftman supplied a large number of trees, including 2500 double royals, 2100 medials and further fruit trees such as half-standard apples and pears, cooking pears, 1 apricot, 29 wild cherries and peaches. The park in landscape style was probably laid out around 1798. At this time, among other things, coniferous trees were purchased and payments were made to a certain 'G. v.d. Laar', possibly the garden architect Gerard or Gijsbert van Laar. Presumably at that time the irregularly shaped narrow winding pond to the north of the castle was also dug and around the pond the walk over the four small hills was created on the somewhat undulating layout. The layout has here a particularly self-contained character. Between the orchard and the castle moat is a remnant of a beech pergola from presumably the same period. The late 18th-century landscape layout is still present today in structure and partly in detail. In the Second World War a number of bunkers were built to the north of the castle, which still exist. The oak trees that stood around the castle moat were replaced by walnut trees after the war. To the south of the castle lies a long-house farmhouse from c. 1880 which is surrounded by structures not worthy of preservation and behind which is a now (1996) open and characteristic pasture area that in the past served among other things as an orchard. This strip of land is bordered on both long sides by water and along the strip runs an old lane still in use.

Valuation

HISTORICAL GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT belonging to the historical country estate Loenersloot is of general importance:

- as a rare and representative example of an early (late 18th-century) and small-scale layout in landscape style, embedded within a modest formal 17th-century structure;

- because of the importance of the layout for the history of garden and landscape architecture;

- because of the fairly well-preserved structure, also in detail;

- because of the functional-spatial relationship with the other components of the country estate.