Historische aanleg, Hillenraederlaan bij 12

English translation

The text above is the record as published by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, in Dutch. The English below is a machine translation made by TreeAlive, not by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed; it has not been checked by a person. Where the two differ, the original is the record. Report a translation error: privacy@treealive.com

Description

GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT, consisting of the following parts:

A. The central castle grounds in their present form dating from before 1774, but possibly originating from the 17th century and together with its moat-encircled configuration also encompassing the main building, forming more or less a rectangle, the layout of which has been reconstructed from 1909 onwards fairly according to the 18th-century example with a garden complex and a park.

B. A strip of land lying between the aforementioned moat and the Hillenraederlaan (see C.), extending from south-west to north-east, over which runs approximately in the middle a short access drive, and a strip of land adjoining at a right angle to said terrain strip in the south-west, situated as an island within a side-arm of the outer moat, on which both strips of land a park in landscape style has been laid out from 1909 onwards.

C. The straight section of the public road called the Hillenraederlaan running north of the terrain mentioned under B.

D. A narrow strip of land lying to the south-west of the moat and the Eppenbeek running parallel to it, named the Dam.

E. The terrain extending north-east of the moat to the lane to be named under F., called the Tichelkamp.

F. A lane laid out around 1910, branching off at a right angle from the Hillenraederlaan (see C.), which borders the aforementioned Tichelkamp.

G. A narrow strip of land along the southern outer bank of the moat.

The terrain, the boundary of which is indicated on the attached cadastral map, contains the following elements of historical layout, which are enumerated in the order of the parts of the garden and park layout mentioned above.

PART A: The central castle grounds contain the following components:

A.I. The moat system which surrounds this terrain and consists of the following elements:

a. The outer moat, which is of equal width on three sides of the enclosed terrain, but widens gradually towards the north on the western side, in the widest section is provided with an islet planted with trees in its layout and in the north-west corner forms part of the moat surrounding the main building. On the side where the forecourt mentioned under A.II. sub a for the chapel borders the moat, the latter is flanked by a brick retaining wall. Over the northern arm of the outer moat runs a brick four-arch bridge from the access drive to the access gate in the northern wing of the outbuildings mentioned under A.II.; on the south-western corner of the moat stands a weir with brick walls providing connection with the Eppenbeek (see A.I.d.).

b. The inner moat, which surrounds the main building on the eastern and southern sides and merges into the outer moat. Over the inner moat runs a brick five-arch bridge from the forecourt to the main building. On the side of the forecourt the moat is flanked by a brick retaining wall.

c. A side-arm of the outer moat, which branches off from the latter in the north and south and which together with the section of the outer moat lying between these points encloses the south-western part of the terrain to be described under B.

d. South of the weir (see A.I.a.) a small section of the Eppenbeek flowing along the western boundary of the terrain, insofar as it lies within the boundaries of the protected terrain.

A.II. The forecourt situated frontally opposite the main building, widening in the direction of the latter (17th century, somewhat modified first quarter of 20th century). This comprises the following elements:

a. The forecourt surrounded on the sides facing away from the main building by three wings of outbuildings, which since the shortening of the northern and southern of these wings during their rebuilding and restoration respectively around 1920 has two side spaces: in the north a courtyard for the northern wing arranged as a chapel and in the south the beginning of the access path to the gardens along the southern wing.

The following built structures are situated on or at the forecourt:

a.1. Brick parapets on the retaining walls of the moat on the open side.

a.2. A wall corresponding to the aforementioned parapets serving to separate the courtyard for the chapel from the forecourt. A sculptural work is placed on this wall, representing a fruit basket (on loan; does not belong to Hillenraad).

a.3. The symbolic closure of the access to the gardens, consisting of two brick pillars crowned with stone capping stones with knobs, connected by a wrought-iron decorative piece with the arms of Wolff Metternich and Schall-Riaucour.

a.4. The three wings of the outbuildings, originally dating from the 17th century, of which the northern was rebuilt in 1922 in the original style, but somewhat shortened, using the original door surround, which on that occasion received a new pediment with the arms of Wolff Metternich and Schall-Riaucour painted therein; the eastern and southern wings were restored at the same time and – as regards the latter – shortened.

b. The back-yard situated behind the eastern wing of the outbuildings containing the following built structures:

b.1. A brick garden wall on the side of the vegetable garden (A.IV), in which a passage between pillars crowned with stone balls.

b.2. A brick utility building adjoining the outbuildings (see A.II.a.4.) under a lean-to roof.

c. A triangular strip of land between the southern wing of the outbuildings and the rectangular garden and park complex to the south of it.

This terrain, which forms part of the forecourt but programmatically and spatially belongs to the gardens, contains besides two small gardens, of which the western in layout is surrounded on two sides by a hedge of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), the continuation of the path between the forecourt and the ornamental garden (A.II.a.), flanked by two stone balustrades adjoining the pillars of the access arch (see A.II.a.3.); on the end of the western one of these a stone seated helmeted lion is placed with the arm of Wolff Metternich.

A.III. The large ornamental garden, a rectangle bounded on the north and south by paths, occupying the western half of the garden complex and containing the following elements of historical layout:

a. The central section, divided into four sections by a path cross which at the intersection of the diagonals forms a rotunda around a round brick water basin with fountain. The north-south running path lies on the axis of the access path from the forecourt (see A.II.c.) in the north and the central avenue of the western part of the park (see A.V.a.) in the south; the east-west running path lies on the axis of the garden house mentioned under A.IV.sub c. This path cross has been reconstructed according to the state in 1774. The aforementioned four sections are laid out as lawns with rectangular rose beds along the paths, alternated by box pyramids (Buxus sempervirens) and in the focal points round rose beds, accentuated by plant vases.

b. Along the western edge of the central section runs a path laid out as a grass path, held between two tall hedges of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), the inner of which is interrupted in the middle by the outlet of the east-west running path of the path cross mentioned under sub a.

In the north and south the grassland opens onto the northern and southern boundary paths of the garden. The path continues into the western avenue of the western part of the park (see A.V.a.).

c. On the outer bank laid out as a grass slope of the western arm of the outer moat stands in layout on the axis of the aforementioned east-west directed path of the path cross a group of birches (genus Betula).

d. On the bank of the southern arm of the inner moat the slope is planted in layout with cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) and along the northern boundary path in layout a hedge of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) is provided.

A.IV. The northern part of the former vegetable garden, occupying the eastern half of the garden complex, divided at the re-layout after 1909 into a western and an eastern strip, held between paths of which the north-south running correspond with avenues of the star-wood (A.V.b.) and the east-west running lie in the extension of the boundary paths of the large ornamental gardens (A.III.).

The eastern strip has retained the designation of vegetable garden, whilst the western has been divided into three sections, a central section around the garden house dating from the second quarter of the 18th century, flanked by an ornamental garden in the north and a section also laid out as a vegetable garden in the south.

a. A system of yew hedges (Taxus baccata), which along the northern and southern section forms the boundary from the large ornamental garden (A.III) and further encloses the space around the garden house and the tennis court lying behind it.

b. Rows of weeping limes (genus Tilia) along the western and northern edge of the southern section, along the hedge behind the tennis court (see A.IV.f.) and on either side of the cross-path over the vegetable garden on the axis of the garden house (A.IV.c. and f.).

c. A garden house of brick with stone components, covered by a hipped roof (second half of 18th century), originally only facing the large ornamental garden (A.III.) and provided on those sides with doors and windows, but since the laying out of the tennis court (A.IV.f.) also facing onto it and for that purpose also provided in the rear gable with (glazed) doors.

d. In the space laid out in front of the aforementioned garden house, opened towards the side of the large ornamental garden (A.III.), two square stone pillars crowned with balls, provided with ornament in Louis XIV style.

e. On either side of the garden house is behind the yew hedges (A.IV.a.) in layout a plane tree (genus Platanus) planted.

f. Behind the garden house a rectangular space surrounded by yew hedges (A.IV.a.), laid out as a tennis court (N.B. At present this space is no longer used as such and is laid out as a grassland).

g. Two north-south directed paths in the middle over the sections on either side of the garden house (A.IV.c.) and three east-west directed paths, of which two along the respective southern and northern edges of the northern and southern sections and one on the rear axis of the garden house over the eastern terrain strip towards a bridge over the eastern moat arm.

A.V. The park on the southern part of the central castle grounds.

Of this park the western half to the width of the large ornamental garden (A.III.) was laid out before 1925 and the eastern half to the width of the vegetable garden (A.IV.) after that year on the southern part of the original vegetable garden terrain. The composition of the park is determined by an avenue framework, consisting of five north-south directed avenues in the extension of the five main paths of the ornamental and vegetable gardens (A.III. and IV.), connected at their northern end by a single row of trees along the southern cross-path of said gardens and at their southern end by a cross avenue, and, to complete the eastern half into a star-wood in remembrance of the star-wood which in 1774 lay on the left half, two diagonal avenues.

The layout of the respective park halves is described in more detail successively under a and b.

a. In the western half the three north-south directed avenues are planted in layout with alternating pairs of copper beeches (Fagus sylvatica "Atropunicea") and horse chestnuts (Aesculus hippocastanum); of these the northernmost pair (beeches) forms part of the northern cross row of trees and the southernmost pair (chestnuts) of the northern row of the southern cross avenue. The planting of said cross row of trees and southern cross avenue is in connection with that of the main avenues also composed in layout of horse chestnuts and beeches, the latter however of the common variety (Fagus sylvatica). Each of the two rectangular sections enclosed by the avenues in this park part is laid out as a grassland on which two groups of rhododendrons. On the slope towards the southern moat arm in the extension of the middle avenue, which corresponds with the middle path of the large ornamental garden and thus completes the principal vista axis of Hillenraad, a terrace with three-sided closure on the moat side is provided on the bank, of which the brick retaining walls are crowned by balustrades. In the middle of this terrace a stone pedestal is placed; the terrace is flanked in layout by two limes (genus Tilia) (N.B. Most of the (copper) beeches belonging to the aforementioned avenues have now been removed; the limes on either side of the terrace are now absent).

b. The avenues in the eastern park half are planted in layout exclusively with beeches (Fagus sylvatica), with as western closure due to the earlier presence of the eastern avenue of the part described under sub a only a row placed against the line parallel to said avenue. At the intersection of the central and diagonal avenues the form of a rotunda is created, in the centre of which a stone pedestal is placed; at the height of this rotunda in each of the large triangular sections of the star-wood in layout a sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) is planted. At the corner where the southern and eastern boundary avenues of this park part meet each other on the moat bank a round "bastion" is laid out on which a circular row of trees in layout forms the connection between the outermost rows of said avenues.

PART B: The northern and western border terrains contain the following components:

B.I. The access drive belonging to the layout existing in 1774 between the Hillenraederlaan (C.) and the access bridge over the moat (see A.I.a.), planted in layout with six limes (genus Tilia) on each side. In the corners between the access drive and the moat on the one hand and the Hillenraederlaan on the other hand, after 1909 a layout of two sections of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) with concave outer edges is provided.

B.II. The park in landscape style (begun after 1909, later modified in parts, but not in spirit) shows the layout of a grassland, planted with loosely grouped deciduous and coniferous trees and shrubs of various kinds, among which a winding path, which via a small bridge over the side-arm of the outer moat mentioned under A.I.sub c connects both terrain parts and via a second small bridge over said moat provides connection to the path over the Dam (see D.).

PART C: The section of the Hillenraederlaan lying within the boundaries of the protected terrain is planted in layout with two rows of limes (genus Tilia) in triangular arrangement.

PART D: The Dam is after 1909 in connection with the park layout described under B.II. provided with a dense planting of deciduous and coniferous trees of various kinds, among which a path winds that forms the connection between the paths mentioned under B.II. and G.

PART E: The Tichelkamp contains no components of historical garden or park layout.

PART F: The avenue along the Tichelkamp is planted in layout in 1910 with two rows of beeches (Fagus sylvatica) in triangular arrangement.

PART G: On the southern bank of the outer moat a continuous planting of rhododendrons is provided in layout after 1909, behind which runs a path that connects with the path over the Dam (see D.).