Cof Cymru: National Historic Assets of Wales · Wales
Water Powered Chain Incline at Bryneglwys Slate Quarry
Llanfihangel-y-Pennant, Gwynedd, Wales
A scheduled monument in Llanfihangel-y-Pennant, Gwynedd, recorded as Water Power System (Post Medieval/Modern).
The record
- Designation
- Scheduled monument
- Site type
- Water Power System
- Period
- Post Medieval/Modern
- Date of designation
- 12 October 1998
- Community
- Llanfihangel-y-Pennant
- Unitary authority
- Gwynedd
- Country
- Wales
- Coordinates (centre of the scheduled area)
- 52.62885, -3.93184
- SAM number
- ME186
- Cadw record number
- 3961
Slide toward Today to fade the historical sheet and see the modern map underneath.
David Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford LibrariesDavid Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford LibrariesDavid Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford LibrariesBayerische Staatsbibliothek, MunichDavid Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford Libraries
5 historical maps cover this location, the earliest the 1588 map "Ortelius, Abraham: Theatro De La Tierra Universal. 0" (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich).
Historical maps covering this location
- 1588 · Ortelius, Abraham: Theatro De La Tierra Universal. 0 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich)
- 1608 · (13) Cambriae Typus. (David Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford Libraries)
- 1896 · Sheet 7. Ordnance Survey of England and Wales. (David Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford Libraries)
- 1899 · 149 Barmouth (Hills) (David Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford Libraries)
- 1901 · Sheet 9 and 10. (David Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford Libraries)
Cadw's description
Summary description and reason for designation
The following provides a general description of the Scheduled Monument.
The monument consists of a water power system which was part of Bryneglwys Quarry. The site is the only surviving chain incline directly powered by waterwheels in Wales. Bryneglwys Quarry was first worked in 1844, and from 1862 was managed by Robert Williams from Nantlle. It closed in 1947. The water-powered chain incline was constructed by Williams in the 1860s. These were widely used, especially in Nantlle, to haul loads up from quarry pits. A heavy chain ran into the pit at an angle from a headframe at the lip of the quarry. A traveller carriage ran up and down this chain hauled by a winding cable, with a waggon suspended on a continuation of the winding cable below. Waggons were lifted from the quarry floor, using power from the waterwheels, and landed on a platform at the top. The site now contains the pits for two waterwheels, two strongpoints for the headframes with landing platforms, a quarry pit face, a weighbridge house, and a self-acting tramroad incline down to the mills.
The monument is the only surviving example in Wales of this important and formerly widespread method of haulage. It is of national importance for its potential to enhance our knowledge of water management systems. It retains significant archaeological potential, with a strong probability of the presence of associated archaeological features and deposits. The structure itself may be expected to contain archaeological information concerning chronology and building techniques.
The scheduled area comprises the remains described and areas around them within which related evidence may be expected to survive.
Nearby in the register
- Tarren Hendre CairnRound Cairnunder 1 mi
- Alltwyllt Slate Quarry InclineIncline1 mi
- GlasfrynDomestic1 mi
- 9A Heol Tan-y-bryn, including railings to frontDomestic1 mi
Other entries of the same register within about three miles of this one, by straight line.