Mataram

English translation

The text above is the record as published by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, in Dutch. The English below is a machine translation made by TreeAlive, not by the Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed; it has not been checked by a person. Where the two differ, the original is the record. Report a translation error: privacy@treealive.com

Description

Description of component 2: HISTORIC GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT belonging to the country estate Mataram.

The country estate is situated on the Poppenallee on an irregularly shaped plot with height differences, which is entirely surrounded by a water course. The 18th-century structure of the country estate, as seen on the Hottinger map from 1783 and the cadastral plan from 1820, is now still largely present in the form of avenues and the vegetable garden with pond. In the first half of the 19th century, garden architect H. van Lunteren laid out a landscape park within the 18th-century structure. The ditch around the house was excavated into a pond, the long 18th-century avenue was bent with a gentle curve to the north towards the house, on the south side it was partly interrupted by arcadian meadows and walking woods. Most of the existing ponds and water features were excavated and accentuated in the created landscape by means of thickets and tree groups. Around the country estate came a walk with changing views outward to the farmland and inward to the park layout. At a number of places along the walk, hills were thrown up on which a cupola stood to enjoy the view.

From the Poppenallee, the straight broad drive (northwest-southeast) runs, which still has partial avenue planting of oak trees. From the entrance, the house site can be seen through the avenue where the former main building stood (the Spiekerbelt). 'The Spiekerbelt' has a broad ditch around it which, according to the design of Van Lunteren at the beginning of the 19th century, was excavated in rounded forms. Foundation remains of the house are still present on the plot, remnants of abutments of a bridge to the vegetable garden and an entrance gate with pillars (component 3B). Further, several monumental trees stand along the edge, including a couple of brown beeches. The Spiekerbelt is clearly recognizable in the park as the place where the main building formerly stood. The 18th-century avenue, which on the south side is terminated by a steeply thrown up hill, the Dennenberg, is alternately flanked and interrupted by meadows and woods; from the avenue several views run over these irregularly shaped meadows which are arranged with solitary trees. Perpendicular to the access avenue runs a cross-avenue on the outside of the water course around Mataram; this avenue issues on the west side onto the grounds of De Horte and on the east side onto the Mataramweg. To the northeast of the access avenue and at the height of the house site lay an elongated (vegetable) garden with pond, an orchard ('grounds laid out for enjoyment') and a star wood of oak coppice. The structure of the 18th-century vegetable garden and orchard is recognizably present, the star wood is no longer to be found. At the site remains of a beech pergola dating from the 18th century. East of the pergola lies a water feature that runs around a rise in the wood, Hondenkerkhof, along a meadow bordering the wood. In the meadow stands a number of solitary trees. On the west side of the meadow also lies a water feature running into the wood, in which an islet lies. Around the country estate runs an alternating walk with views of wood and meadow and water features. The hills in the walk (the Chinese Tent, the Dennenberg and the Kogelvanger) mark the place where cupolas stood in the 19th century. A round pond in the southern part of the park is a remnant from the 18th century. On the west side of the layout there is a water feature originally from the 18th century which lies on a longitudinal axis (northwest-southeast) with further an avenue of tall trees terminated by a hill called Kogelvanger. This lay in line with the shooting range on De Horte. The three basins were combined at the beginning of the 19th century into an elongated water feature with a widening in the middle and surrounded by trees. From this point is a fine view in a northeasterly direction over the meadow to the brown beeches on the old spiekerbelt. Around the meadow runs a circular walk, partly planted with avenue trees.

Valuation

The HISTORIC GARDEN AND PARK LAYOUT belonging to the country estate Mataram is of general cultural-historical and garden-historical importance:

- on account of its age;

- on account of the preserved 18th-century structure as avenues and the (location of) water features;

- on account of the 19th-century landscape integration according to designs by H. van Lunteren;

- as part of the oeuvre of H. van Lunteren;

- on account of the functional-spatial coherence with the other components of the country estate.