'Granary' at Finnebrogue estate farmyard

The Department's description

Exterior description and setting

Two storey rubble built farmyard building with slated pyramidal roof, possibly built c.1800 as a granary. The building is part of the now largely disused Finnebrogue estate farmyard, a large complex built in various stages from (perhaps) c.1790s, to the mid 1900s. The granary is part of a long row of structures situated on the NW side of the complex and backing unto a high boundary wall, with Killyleagh Road on the opposite side. The farmyard is located on the SE side of Killyleagh Road, roughly two miles N of Downpatrick.

The granary is square in plan and is mainly squared fieldstone rubble. To the ground floor of the front (SE) elevation there is a broad doorway with dilapidated timber sheeted door. To the left of this doorway is a small frameless window opening surrounded by thick ivy growth (much of this elevation is covering in the same growth). To the right of the doorway is another similar sized window opening filled with a grill. To the centre of the first floor is a large window with the dilapidated remains of a frame. This opening has been partly engulfed by thick ivy growth.

The NE elevation is blank. The SW elevation has a large arched opening to the upper level, now ‘enlarged’ due to surrounding stone having fallen away. This elevation used to be abutted by a lower two storey range, but much of this has been demolished and the elevation is simply blank. The NE elevation is abutted by an open range with a corrugated-metal lean-to roof. On both elevations the outlines of the gabled roofs of the original neighbouring buildings are visible.

The NW elevation forms part of the tall boundary wall to the Killyleagh Road and is blank.

The pyramidal roof is slated. Some of the slates have fallen off.

Historical information

The Finnebrogue estate farm
The early development of the Finnebrogue estate farm is unclear. The earliest extant plan of the complex is that supplied on the OS map of 1834, which shows much of the long range of buildings straddling the boundary wall to the north-west side, the large stable to the south-east of this, the house east again, the smaller house to the south end of the yard, and the large threshing barn, (with horse walk next to it), to the east of the long range. It is difficult to ascertain when these buildings appeared. The 1838 valuation grades some buildings ‘A’ (possibly built in the previous 25-30 years) and ‘B’ (possibly over thirty years old), implying that the complex witnessed various periods of development. Industrial archaeologist Dr Fred Hammond has suggested that much of the construction work may have taken place shortly after the refurbishing of Finnebrogue House itself, i.e. c.1795-1800, and that the creation of a ‘model’ farmyard may have been intended.

Map evidence shows that between 1834 and 1858 the long north-west range was extended northwards, with the large cow shed, corn store (with drying kiln), steam engine house and chimney grouping- a collection of structures all geared towards the feeding of cattle- built to the north-east, with the single storey range to the south, (opposite the large stable), also added to the site. Plans within the Perceval-Maxwell Papers at PRONI (see refs below) show that the large ‘cattle-feeding’ grouping to the north-east was built around 1854.

Between 1859 and 1900 the single storey stable block to the far east side of the complex appeared along with the single storey shed to the immediate east of the threshing barn, the brick gate house was built to the north side of the south gateway and a building (now demolished) was added to the very north-east corner of the yard. Unfortunately the valuation revision books give little indication of exact dates of construction or the original functions of each building.

In the early 20th century a long single storey side was added to the north side of the old threshing barn, circular grain silos erected to the north end of the yard (but now demolished), and two metal-framed Dutch barns built just to the north of the large stables (also demolished). In the course of the 1900s many of the buildings became adapted to new farm uses. Much of the long north-west range was demolished at some point and partly replaced with a corrugated-metal roofed lean-to structure.

In the latter decades of the century the complex appears to have fallen into disuse. It was sold to the present owner in c.1990-91. Since then the large house to the south-east has been refurbished, along with the smaller dwelling to the south-west. Some of the farm buildings are currently used as stores.

The granary
This building forms part of the original complex shown on the OS map of 1834 and recorded in the 1838 valuation. Its original function is unclear (the valuation simply lists it as an ‘office’), but Dr Fred Hammond has pointed out its similarity to a granary at the Clandeboye estate farmyard. Latterly the building may have been used to hang game.

References- Primary sources
1 PRONI T.1023, D.1556, D.2480, D.3244, D.3817, D.4218 Perceval-Maxwell Papers, 1606-1969 [Of particular interest are D.1556/11/21, a mid 19th century plan of the farmyard, and D.1556/11/5 & 16, plans of the ‘cattle-feeding’ complex dating from 1854.]
2 Walter Harris, ‘The ancient and present state of the County of Down’ (Dublin, 1744), p.39
3 ‘Taylor’s and Skinner’s maps of the roads of Ireland’ (Dublin, 1777), map 282
4 PRONI OS/6/3/31/1 6in OS map, Co Down, sh 31, 1834
5 PRONI VAL.1B/372 First valuation, Inch parish, 1838
6 ‘Ordnance Survey Memoirs of Ireland’ vol.17, ed Angelique Day and Patrick McWilliams (QUB, 1992), pp.74-75
7 PRONI OS/6/3/31/2 6in OS map, Co Down, sh 31, 1858
8 PRONI VAL.2B/3/74 Second valuation notebook, Inch Parish, 1861
9 PRONI VAL.12B/18/13a-d Annual valuation revision books, 1864-79, 1880-97, 1898-1911, 1912-29
10 PRONI OS/6/3/31/3 6in OS map, Co Down, sh 31, c.1901

Secondary sources
1 ‘Archaeological survey of Co. Down (Belfast, HMSO, 1966), pp.362-63 etc.
2 Fred\Hammond, ‘Farmyard, Finnebrogue estate, Downpatrick, Co Down’ [Survey report for EHS, September 1991]
3 Anthony Malcomson, The Perceval-Maxwell Papers- Introduction (1998) [Available at PRONI]

Criteria for listing: architectural interest

A. Style
D. Plan Form
J. Setting
K. Group value

Criteria for listing: historic interest

X. Local Interest
V. Authorship

Evaluation

Two storey rubble built farmyard building with slated pyramidal roof, possibly built c.1800 as a granary. The building is part of the now largely disused Finnebrogue estate farmyard, a large complex built in various stages from (perhaps) c.1790s, to the mid 1900s. The granary is part of a long row of structures situated on the NW side of the complex and backing unto a high boundary wall, with Killyleagh Road on the opposite side. It has group value with the other listed buildings on the estate.

General comments

In the first survey this record was numbered HB18/18/053.