19 MAIN ST.

The Department's description

Exterior description and setting

Single-storey three-bay pebble dashed end-of-terrace house with a small single storey flat roof extension to the rear; rectangular plan-form with a pitched roof; set within a terrace formerly known as 'Metal Row'; built at the same time prior to 1832. Located on the west side of Lower Main Street with views south to Market Square, at the northern end of Bushmills village centre with the Bush River to the west. The terraced row is situated to the immediate south of Woodville House Mill [HB05/08/071].

Pebble dashed walling; small timber casement windows with painted stone sloping sills and painted rendered band surrounds to front elevation; all set on a painted rendered plinth; replacement fibre cement pitched roof has black clay ridge tiles and a single unpainted rendered chimney-stack at SW end with a single terracotta clay pot; Upvc rainwater goods throughout.

Principal elevation faces South-east accessed directly via pavement on Lower Main Street; three bays wide all set on a painted rendered plinth; elevation of each property along the terrace row is divided by unpainted rendered quoins; slightly recessed doorway, centred on elevation, contains a replacement timber door with glazed top panes and metal door furniture, all set within a painted rendered band surround with pointed keystone to top.

South-west, gable-end elevation is blank; walling is of rough-cast render.

North-east side is adjoined to neighbouring property No. 17 Lower Main Street [HB05/08/070B].

North-west elevation to the rear is abutted by a single storey flat roof extension; main elevation walling is of pebble dashed render with a single doorway to the left side of extension and a single window to the RHS. Flat roof extension has a single window on the NE and SW walls and two window bays to the NW wall. All windows are top hung hardwood casements. Rear yard can be accessed directly from the SE side (Lower Main Street).

Setting:
Located on the west side of Lower Main Street with views south to Market Square, at the northern end of Bushmills village centre with the Bush River to the west.

Materials:
Roof: Fibre cement
RWGs: Upvc (front & rear)
Walling: Pebble dashed
Windows: Timber casements

Historical information

No. 19 Lower Main Street, a single-storey three-bay dwelling which forms part of a terrace formerly known as ‘Metal Row,’ was constructed prior to 1832. The Bushmills Conservation Guide (1992) records that the village was already a significant settlement by the end of the 18th century but, from the 1820s, Bushmills was largely rebuilt and expanded by the Macnaghten family who had acquired the estate in 1787. The early-19th century terrace at nos 5-19 Lower Main Street was first depicted on the first edition Ordnance Survey map (1832) along its current layout at the northern end of Bushmills. The terrace is located to the immediate south of Woodville House Mill (HB05/08/071), a two-storey dwelling and former iron foundry which gave nos 5-19 Lower Main Street its former name of Metal Row. The contemporary Townland Valuations (c. 1834) records that No. 19 Lower Main Street was valued at £4. 6s. 6d. and was described as a 2B+ building (that is a thatched building of medium age, but still in sound order and good repair) that measured 31ft by 19.6ft and stood 7.3ft in height. In the early-19th century No. 19 Lower Main Street was occupied by a Mr. Alex McCaughan and possessed a forge as its sole outbuilding to rear (now demolished).

There was little alteration to the site by the second edition Ordnance Survey map (1855) but the contemporary Griffith’s Valuation (1859) notes that No. 19 Lower Main Street had been decreased in value to £2 and 15 shillings since the 1830s. The valuer recorded that the thatched house was initially leased by Sir Edmund Macnaghten of Dundarave House (HB05/08/005) to a Mr. Alexander Corry who remained at the address until 1886. The property briefly passed to a Mr. John Pollock in that year but in c. 1893 No. 19 Lower Main Street was occupied by William Carton. The 1901 Census of Ireland records that Carton was a local agricultural labourer who resided at the site with his wife and their four children. The accompanying census building return records that the thatched roofs of nos 5-19 Lower Main Street had been slated by at least the turn of the 20th century. The return specifically described No. 19 Lower Main Street as a 2nd class dwelling that consisted of two inhabited rooms. Under the First General Revaluation of Property in Northern Ireland (1936-57) the house had been increased in value to £3 and 10 shillings and was occupied by a Mr. James Wilkinson, a local merchant. In 1954 No. 19 Lower Main Street passed to Charles Crooks who purchased the site outright and remained at the address until the end of the Second General Revaluation (1956-72) at which time its value stood at £8.

The UAHS Guide for North Antrim (1972) described Bushmill’s Main Street as ‘a well scaled street, for the most part excellently painted and maintained. Many good doorways and shopfronts remain. While no building apart from the former Court House is worthy of individual mention, the unity of the street frontages much be maintained.’ The guide specifically described Lower Main Street as ‘a pleasant curving street facing the grounds of Dundarave’ (UAHS guide, p. 16). No. 19 Lower Main Street was listed in 1980. According to the NIEA HB Records the house underwent a renovation in c. 1981 that included internal alterations and the installation of a modern bathroom extension to rear. Nos 5-19 Lower Main Street was included in the Bushmills Conservation Area which was designated in 1992 to protect the village which possesses the highest number of Listed Buildings for any town or village in the North East of Northern Ireland (NIEA HB Records; Bushmills Conservation Area guide).

References

Primary Sources
1. PRONI OS/6/1/3/1 – First Edition Ordnance Survey Map (1832)
2. PRONI OS/6/1/3/2 – Second Edition Ordnance Survey Map (1855)
3. PRONI OS/6/1/3/3 – Third Edition Ordnance Survey Map (1904)
4. PRONI VAL/1/D/1/7 – Townland Valuation Town Plan (c. 1834)
5. PRONI VAL/1/B/132 – Townland Valuations (c. 1843)
6. PRONI VAL/2/B/1/25A – Griffith’s Valuation (1859)
7. PRONI VAL/12/B/30/8A-D – Annual Revisions (1859-1894)
8. PRONI VAL/12/B/4/6A-C – Annual Revisions (1895-1929)
9. PRONI VAL/3/C/1/13 – First General Revaluation of Property in Northern Ireland (1936-57)
10. PRONI VAL/4/B/1/22 – Second General Revaluation of Property in Northern Ireland (1956-72)
11. Ulster Town Directories (1861-1918)
12. Census of Ireland (1901; 1911)
13. First Survey Record – HB05/08/070
14. NIEA HB Records – HB05/08/070A

Secondary Sources
1. Girvan, W. D., ‘List of historic buildings, groups of buildings & areas of architectural importance in North Antrim’ Belfast: Ulster Architectural Heritage Society, 1972.
2. ‘Bushmills Conservation Area Guide’ Belfast: Department of the Environment, 1992.

Criteria for listing: architectural interest

A. Style
B. Proportion
C. Ornamentation
H-. Alterations detracting from building
J. Setting
K. Group value

Criteria for listing: historic interest

T. Historic Importance
X. Local Interest
R. Age
S. Authenticity

Evaluation

Single-storey, three-bay, pebble dashed end-of-terrace house, built prior to 1832. Located on the west side of Lower Main Street with views south to Market Square, at the northern end of Bushmills village centre with the Bush River to the west. The terrace is located to the immediate south of Woodville House Mill (HB05/08/071), a two-storey dwelling and former iron foundry which gave Nos 5-19 Lower Main Street its former name of ‘Metal Row’, as it later housed nail makers, foundry and mill workers. Thatched until the turn of the twentieth century, No 19 was initially leased by Sir Edmund Macnaghten of Dundarave House (HB05/08/005), who was responsible for the redevelopment and expansion of Bushmills from the 1820s. While No 19 has been altered, it retains much external historic character with its simple proportions and window and door surrounds to its front elevation. Still in it's relatively original setting, it has group value with the rest of the terrace, Nos 5-17 (HB05/08/070 B-G).