Sites and Monuments Record · Ireland
Earthwork
Carrownahaun, County Mayo, Ireland
The record
- Townland
- Carrownahaun
- County
- Mayo
- Country
- Ireland
- First-edition OS map
- Not indicated
- Latest-edition OS map
- Not indicated
- Coordinates
- 53.80710, -9.09204
- SMR number
- MA091-001001-
Slide toward Today to fade the historical sheet and see the modern map underneath.
David Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford LibrariesDavid Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford LibrariesDavid Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford LibrariesDavid Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford Libraries
Shown on 4 historical map sheets, the earliest the 1753 "Mappa geographica Regni Hiberniae" (David Rumsey Map Collection, Stanford Libraries).
This record in the National Monuments Service's Historic Environment Viewer ↗
The National Monuments Service's description
In good pasture, located on a rise with excellent views to SW–N over rolling grassland, and an upland ridge to NE.
This enigmatic monument is not shown on the 1838 and 1920 OS 6-inch maps, although the souterrain (MA091-001002) it contains is indicated on the 1920 edition as ‘Cave’. It consists of a natural hillock which appears to have been scarped and modified, creating a tiered effect of a mound on top of a platform.
The base of the hillock forms a roughly circular platform (c. 55m NW-SE; c. 55.2m NE–SW) defined by a substantial scarp (H 2m at NW, 1.2m at SE). The platform is topped by an ovoid or leaf-shaped mound (32m NW–SE; 29.8m NE–SW; H 2.2m at NW, c. 2m at SE) with a level roughly oval top (10.8m NW–SE; 7.5m NE–SW) from which the sides fall steeply and broadly. The S slope is somewhat gentler and more ramp-like, and provides the easiest access to the top. The mound more or less occupies the centre of the platform, leaving a berm or terrace (W 11-14m) of clear space enclosing its base at NW–SE. The berm does not extend around the W side –here the mound is more broadly slumped expanding as far as the outer edge of the platform. This elongated W slope is where the souterrain (MA091-001002-) is inserted into the mound.
A slumped section (Wth 6m) of the platform scarp at the NW may be the site of the entrance.
Extending for c. 35m to NNW from this point there is a lower narrow elongation (Wth 8-10m) of the hillock, with a steep slope (H 2m) on the N side. This provides a natural routeway to the platform berm. At the NE of the platform a depression (Wth 4-6m), possibly a fosse, separates the platform from adjacent naturally rising ground. There is no evidence of an encircling fosse elsewhere.
There are a number of grassed-over sand pits in the vicinity of the monument, including two roughly circular, grassy depressions (max. dim. 15m & 6m) abutting the platform scarp at S–SE.
This is an unusual monument. When the souterrain was constructed, the mound may have been a form of rath, with the relatively small space at top used for habitation. Another possibility is that it is a prehistoric mound that was reused in the early historic period. It was first recorded by Knox (1911 221-2) who considered that it might be interpreted as ‘a very rough Norman motte and bailey’, if it were not for the presence of the souterrain.
Compiled by: Jane O’Shaughnessy
Date of upload: 11 February 2022
Nearby in the register
- Souterrainunder 1 mi
- Ringfort - rathunder 1 mi
- Wellunder 1 mi
- Ritual site - holy wellunder 1 mi
Other entries of the same register within about three miles of this one, by straight line.